BALI CULTURE |
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WELCOME TO THE ISLAND OF GODS "BALI"
A deeply Hindu culture, the Balinese always link the spiritual relationships between God, human and environment. Bali traditions spill through manicured landscapes and theatres, artist sculptures and temples around every corner. On balance, Bali also hosts partying Australians, surfing college kids and active families looking for a taste of Eden. Bali is 95 miles wide and spans 69 miles from north to south, with a treasure trove of natural attractions – volcanic hills and mountains, rapid rivers and silken beaches, rice terraces and tropical monkey forests. Sophisticated arts are also a distinct part of the culture, where you will enjoy elegant museums and Indonesian paintings and leather-working. For an authentic Balinese experience, be sure to go to the Bali Agung Theatre for exceptional music and beautiful dancers. Elaborate spa treatments offer yet another calming experience.
HISTORY OF BALI
Bali has a long chain of history from the ice-age era (pre-historic time) to modern, global civilization era. With a dynamic characteristic indicating selectivity and flexibility, the Balinese culture initially reflects a configuration of an expressive culture dominated by religious, solidarity and aesthetic values. Nowadays, it develops along with the adoption of foreign values especially in the aspects of the economic, science and technology, as a result of the global modernization.
In general, the history of Bali is divided into three different eras including the pre-historic, the Hindu-Buddhist era and the modern culture.
The pre-historic marked the oldest and simplest way of life, an era of hunting and food-stuff gathering, verified by the discovery of several tools and hunting equipments. In the following era there were also building construction system and a particular communication system. These were just proofs of the existence and further development of Balinese culture. The Balinese culture flourished that nowadays one can indicates a perfect bonds between religions, tradition and culture to become the identity of the Balinese community.
A deeply Hindu culture, the Balinese always link the spiritual relationships between God, human and environment. Bali traditions spill through manicured landscapes and theatres, artist sculptures and temples around every corner. On balance, Bali also hosts partying Australians, surfing college kids and active families looking for a taste of Eden. Bali is 95 miles wide and spans 69 miles from north to south, with a treasure trove of natural attractions – volcanic hills and mountains, rapid rivers and silken beaches, rice terraces and tropical monkey forests. Sophisticated arts are also a distinct part of the culture, where you will enjoy elegant museums and Indonesian paintings and leather-working. For an authentic Balinese experience, be sure to go to the Bali Agung Theatre for exceptional music and beautiful dancers. Elaborate spa treatments offer yet another calming experience.
HISTORY OF BALI
Bali has a long chain of history from the ice-age era (pre-historic time) to modern, global civilization era. With a dynamic characteristic indicating selectivity and flexibility, the Balinese culture initially reflects a configuration of an expressive culture dominated by religious, solidarity and aesthetic values. Nowadays, it develops along with the adoption of foreign values especially in the aspects of the economic, science and technology, as a result of the global modernization.
In general, the history of Bali is divided into three different eras including the pre-historic, the Hindu-Buddhist era and the modern culture.
The pre-historic marked the oldest and simplest way of life, an era of hunting and food-stuff gathering, verified by the discovery of several tools and hunting equipments. In the following era there were also building construction system and a particular communication system. These were just proofs of the existence and further development of Balinese culture. The Balinese culture flourished that nowadays one can indicates a perfect bonds between religions, tradition and culture to become the identity of the Balinese community.
The Dutch seamen were the first Europeans to arrive on Bali and started to introduce western culture in 1597, though they hadn’t discovered any appealing aspect until 1800s. Around 1846 the Dutch returned with colonization in their minds, having established a strong political base as majority of the Indonesian islands were under their control since the 1700s. The military campaign embarked from the northern coast of Bali. With the help of Sasak people of Lombok, by 1911, all Balinese principalities were under the Dutch control.
The sense of Indonesian nationalism began to grow after the World War I, with the young generation declaring the national language in 1928, known as Bahasa Indonesia. During the height of World War II the Japanese arrived, expelling the Dutch and ruled the country for about 3.5 years, which ended later in 1945 when Indonesia declared independent led by its very first president, Sukarno. Yet the new-born nation was only recognized by the international community as an independent country in 1949.
The sense of Indonesian nationalism began to grow after the World War I, with the young generation declaring the national language in 1928, known as Bahasa Indonesia. During the height of World War II the Japanese arrived, expelling the Dutch and ruled the country for about 3.5 years, which ended later in 1945 when Indonesia declared independent led by its very first president, Sukarno. Yet the new-born nation was only recognized by the international community as an independent country in 1949.
HOW TO GET TO BALI
With the increasing number of direct flight to Bali from some other parts of the world, it makes it easier to go to Bali. From Bali, flight to Jakarta is about 1.5 hours, to Singapore and Perth (Australia) 2.5 and 3 hours, to Hong Kong about 4.5 hours, and to Sydney/Melbourne about 5.5 to 6 hours, with various airlines offering their services. Please check at "airline info" for more information about flight schedules. Just make sure you look for "Denpasar (DPS)" instead of "Bali" in airline time tables. It is the capital of Bali. Or you can check your "Travel Agents" for more travel arrangements and accommodation.
Flights
Bali can easily be reached by air and now there are eleven International Airlines running scheduled direct flights from Europe, America, Australia, and most Asian Countries to Ngurah Rai Airport. Destination to Bali will be Denpasar (DPS) instead of Bali. Domestic flights are also available to and from major cities within Indonesia.
Sea
Regular passenger ferries from Java and Lombok.
International Cruise ship anchored in Benoa--south of Denpasar--and for larger and luxury cruiseship used to stop of at PadangBai.
Overland
Overland trip to Bali can be done by car from Java. Regular ferry service connecting Gilimanuk and Java for 24 hours.
Passports and Visas
The Department of Justice and Human Rights has officially determined that as of 1 February 2004:
1. The Free Visa Facility (length of stay max 30 days) will be issued to citizens of the following countries: Brunei, Malaysia,Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Macao, Morocco, Chile, and Peru.
2. The Visa-on-Arrival Facility (length of stay max. 30 days) will be issued to citizens of the
following countries: Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, and the United States.
3. Citizens of countries not stated above are required to apply for a visa at the Indonesian Embassy/Consulate in their country of domicile.
Flights
Bali can easily be reached by air and now there are eleven International Airlines running scheduled direct flights from Europe, America, Australia, and most Asian Countries to Ngurah Rai Airport. Destination to Bali will be Denpasar (DPS) instead of Bali. Domestic flights are also available to and from major cities within Indonesia.
Sea
Regular passenger ferries from Java and Lombok.
International Cruise ship anchored in Benoa--south of Denpasar--and for larger and luxury cruiseship used to stop of at PadangBai.
Overland
Overland trip to Bali can be done by car from Java. Regular ferry service connecting Gilimanuk and Java for 24 hours.
Passports and Visas
The Department of Justice and Human Rights has officially determined that as of 1 February 2004:
1. The Free Visa Facility (length of stay max 30 days) will be issued to citizens of the following countries: Brunei, Malaysia,Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Macao, Morocco, Chile, and Peru.
2. The Visa-on-Arrival Facility (length of stay max. 30 days) will be issued to citizens of the
following countries: Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, and the United States.
3. Citizens of countries not stated above are required to apply for a visa at the Indonesian Embassy/Consulate in their country of domicile.
BALI EMERGENCY NUMBERS
Police : 110
Fire Dept.: 113
Ambulance : 118
Search & rescue: 111,115 or 151
Fire Dept.: 113
Ambulance : 118
Search & rescue: 111,115 or 151
TRAVEL FORMALITIES
All travelers to Indonesia must have a passport that has at least six months remaining validity from the date of arrival and have tickets for onwards journey.
Recently the government of Indonesia has issued a new regulation concerning the application of visa to enter Indonesia.
The immigration authority will provide Free Tourist Visas for a period of 30 days to citizens of 12 countries on the basis of reciprocity. The countries are Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, the Philippines, Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, Chile, Morocco, Peru, Vietnam and Equador.
Visa on Arrival (VOA) can also be issued to citizens of the following 63 countries:
Algeria, Argentine, Austria, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, Fiji, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, India, Iran, Japan, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Maldives, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Netherland, New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Panama, People’s Republic of China, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tunisia, UAE, USA, and the United Kingdom.
Visitors are required to have at hand the following documents for VOA application:
Other nationals must apply for visa at Indonesia Embassies or Consulates in their home country. The visa cannot be replaced with any other immigration letters.
Entry ports where Visa on Arrival may be issued are the Soekarno – Hatta Airport in Jakarta, Ngurah Rai Airport in Bali, Polonia Airport in Medan, Sultan Syarif Hasim Airport in Pekanbaru, Tabing Airport in Padang, Juanda Airport in Surabaya and the Sam Ratulangi Airport in Manado. Authorized seaports are in Batam, Sekupang, Batuampar, Nongsa, Marina, Teluk Senimba, Bandar Brintan, Talani Lagoi, Sri Bintan Pura and Bandar Sri Udana Labon in Riau Islands; Belawan Port and Sibolga in North Sumatra; Yos Sudarso Tanjung Perak in Surabaya; Teluk Bayur in Padang; Tanjung Priok in Jakarta; Padang Bai and Benoa in Bali; Jayapura; Bitung; Tanjung Balai Karimun; Tanjung Mas in Central Java; Tenua and Maumare in East Nusa Tenggara; Pare – Pare and Soekarno Hatta port in South Sulawesi
CustomsAccording to custom regulation, one adult is allowed to bring into Indonesia a maximum of one liter of alcoholic beverages, 200 cigarettes, 50 cigars or 100 grams of tobacco and reasonable amount perfume.
Cameras, video cameras, portable radios, cassette recorders, binoculars and sport equipments are admitted provided they are taken out on departure. They must be declared to Customs.
You are prohibited to carry: Firearms, Narcotics drugs, Pornography materials, Chinese printing and medicines, Transceivers and cordless telephone
Films, pre-recorded video tapes, laser discs, VCDs, DVDs must be screened by Censor Board.
Import or export of foreign currencies and travelers checks are allowed. However, the import and export of Indonesia currency, exceeding 50,000,000 Rupiah is prohibited
* Updated 02 Nov 2015
* Some informations could be changed without prior notice
Recently the government of Indonesia has issued a new regulation concerning the application of visa to enter Indonesia.
The immigration authority will provide Free Tourist Visas for a period of 30 days to citizens of 12 countries on the basis of reciprocity. The countries are Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, the Philippines, Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, Chile, Morocco, Peru, Vietnam and Equador.
Visa on Arrival (VOA) can also be issued to citizens of the following 63 countries:
Algeria, Argentine, Austria, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, Fiji, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, India, Iran, Japan, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Maldives, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Netherland, New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Panama, People’s Republic of China, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tunisia, UAE, USA, and the United Kingdom.
- The Indonesian Government has also revised the length of stay in relation to the VOA charges as follows:US$10 per person for a maximum of 7 (seven) days / 6 (six) nights
- US$25 per person for 7 to 30 (thirty) daysNote: A charge of US$20 per day will be imposed for overstaying.
Visitors are required to have at hand the following documents for VOA application:
- Passport with a minimum 6 (six) months remaining validity
- Arrival/departure Card
- Return or onwards journey ticket
Other nationals must apply for visa at Indonesia Embassies or Consulates in their home country. The visa cannot be replaced with any other immigration letters.
Entry ports where Visa on Arrival may be issued are the Soekarno – Hatta Airport in Jakarta, Ngurah Rai Airport in Bali, Polonia Airport in Medan, Sultan Syarif Hasim Airport in Pekanbaru, Tabing Airport in Padang, Juanda Airport in Surabaya and the Sam Ratulangi Airport in Manado. Authorized seaports are in Batam, Sekupang, Batuampar, Nongsa, Marina, Teluk Senimba, Bandar Brintan, Talani Lagoi, Sri Bintan Pura and Bandar Sri Udana Labon in Riau Islands; Belawan Port and Sibolga in North Sumatra; Yos Sudarso Tanjung Perak in Surabaya; Teluk Bayur in Padang; Tanjung Priok in Jakarta; Padang Bai and Benoa in Bali; Jayapura; Bitung; Tanjung Balai Karimun; Tanjung Mas in Central Java; Tenua and Maumare in East Nusa Tenggara; Pare – Pare and Soekarno Hatta port in South Sulawesi
CustomsAccording to custom regulation, one adult is allowed to bring into Indonesia a maximum of one liter of alcoholic beverages, 200 cigarettes, 50 cigars or 100 grams of tobacco and reasonable amount perfume.
Cameras, video cameras, portable radios, cassette recorders, binoculars and sport equipments are admitted provided they are taken out on departure. They must be declared to Customs.
You are prohibited to carry: Firearms, Narcotics drugs, Pornography materials, Chinese printing and medicines, Transceivers and cordless telephone
Films, pre-recorded video tapes, laser discs, VCDs, DVDs must be screened by Censor Board.
Import or export of foreign currencies and travelers checks are allowed. However, the import and export of Indonesia currency, exceeding 50,000,000 Rupiah is prohibited
* Updated 02 Nov 2015
* Some informations could be changed without prior notice
CONSULATE CONTACT:
AUSTRALIA
(also rep. Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea & other commonwealth in emergencies)
Australian Consulate
Jalan Prof. Moh. Yamin No.4 Renon - Denpasar.
Phone : 235092, 235093 Fax : 231990
Email : [email protected]
BRITISH
British Honorary Consul
Cat and Fiddle Restaurant
Jalan Mertasari No. 2 Sanur
Phone/Fax : 282968
Email : [email protected]
CZECH REPUBLIC
Consulate of the Czech Republic
Jl.Pengembak 17, Sanur
Phone : 286465 Fax : 286408
Email : [email protected]
FRANCE
Consular Agency of France
Jalan mertasari Gg.II No. 8,
Sanur Kauh - Denpasar.
Phone : 285485 Fax : 286406
Email : [email protected]
GERMANY
Consulate of Germany
Jalan Pantai Karang 17, Sanur Denpasar
Phone : 288535, 288826 Fax : 288826
Email : [email protected]
ITALY
Honorary Vice Consulate of Italy
Lotus Enterprise Building
Jalan Bypass Ngurah Rai, Jimbaran, Denpasar
Phone/Fax : 701005
Email : [email protected]
JAPAN
Consulate Office of Japan
Jalan Raya Puputan, Renon Denpasar No. 170
Phone : 227628 Fax : 231308
Email : [email protected]
MEXICO
Honorary Consulate of Mexico
Puri Astina Building
Jalan Prof. Moh. Yamin 1-A, Renon, Denpasar
Phone : 223266 Fax : 244568
Email : [email protected]
NETHERLANDS
Consulate of The Netherlands
Jalan Raya Kuta No: 127, Kuta
Phone : 751517 Fax : 752777
Email : [email protected]
NORWAY
Jalan Jayagiri VII/10 Denpasar
Phone/Fax : 234834
DENMARK
Royal Danish Consulate
Mimpi Resort, Kawasan Bukit Permai, Jimbaran
Phone : 701070 (ext. 32) Fax : 701073, 701074
Email : [email protected]
SPAIN
Honorary Consulate of Spain
Jl. Raya Sanggingan, Kedewatan Ubud
Phone : 975736 Fax : 975726
Email : [email protected]
SWEDEN & FINLAND
Consulate of Sweden and Finland
Segara Village Hotel
Jalan Segara Ayu, Sanur 80228
Phone : 288407 Fax : 287242
Email : [email protected]
SWITZERLAND & AUSTRIA
Consular Agency of Switzerland
Swiss Restaurant, Jalan Werkudara, Kuta
Phone : 751735 Fax : 754457
Email : [email protected]
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Consular Agency of the United States of America
Jalan Hayam Wuruk 188, Tanjung Bungkak Dps
Phone : 233605 Fax : 222426
Email : [email protected]
(also rep. Canada, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea & other commonwealth in emergencies)
Australian Consulate
Jalan Prof. Moh. Yamin No.4 Renon - Denpasar.
Phone : 235092, 235093 Fax : 231990
Email : [email protected]
BRITISH
British Honorary Consul
Cat and Fiddle Restaurant
Jalan Mertasari No. 2 Sanur
Phone/Fax : 282968
Email : [email protected]
CZECH REPUBLIC
Consulate of the Czech Republic
Jl.Pengembak 17, Sanur
Phone : 286465 Fax : 286408
Email : [email protected]
FRANCE
Consular Agency of France
Jalan mertasari Gg.II No. 8,
Sanur Kauh - Denpasar.
Phone : 285485 Fax : 286406
Email : [email protected]
GERMANY
Consulate of Germany
Jalan Pantai Karang 17, Sanur Denpasar
Phone : 288535, 288826 Fax : 288826
Email : [email protected]
ITALY
Honorary Vice Consulate of Italy
Lotus Enterprise Building
Jalan Bypass Ngurah Rai, Jimbaran, Denpasar
Phone/Fax : 701005
Email : [email protected]
JAPAN
Consulate Office of Japan
Jalan Raya Puputan, Renon Denpasar No. 170
Phone : 227628 Fax : 231308
Email : [email protected]
MEXICO
Honorary Consulate of Mexico
Puri Astina Building
Jalan Prof. Moh. Yamin 1-A, Renon, Denpasar
Phone : 223266 Fax : 244568
Email : [email protected]
NETHERLANDS
Consulate of The Netherlands
Jalan Raya Kuta No: 127, Kuta
Phone : 751517 Fax : 752777
Email : [email protected]
NORWAY
Jalan Jayagiri VII/10 Denpasar
Phone/Fax : 234834
DENMARK
Royal Danish Consulate
Mimpi Resort, Kawasan Bukit Permai, Jimbaran
Phone : 701070 (ext. 32) Fax : 701073, 701074
Email : [email protected]
SPAIN
Honorary Consulate of Spain
Jl. Raya Sanggingan, Kedewatan Ubud
Phone : 975736 Fax : 975726
Email : [email protected]
SWEDEN & FINLAND
Consulate of Sweden and Finland
Segara Village Hotel
Jalan Segara Ayu, Sanur 80228
Phone : 288407 Fax : 287242
Email : [email protected]
SWITZERLAND & AUSTRIA
Consular Agency of Switzerland
Swiss Restaurant, Jalan Werkudara, Kuta
Phone : 751735 Fax : 754457
Email : [email protected]
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Consular Agency of the United States of America
Jalan Hayam Wuruk 188, Tanjung Bungkak Dps
Phone : 233605 Fax : 222426
Email : [email protected]
CREMATION:
complex apparatus and characterized by a large following, funerals are centered on cremation of the body, known as NGABEN or PALEBON. This practice is considered assenting if the 5 elements making up the microcosm of the human body are to be returned to their original residence, the universe's macrocosm. The five elements, Panca Maha Bhuta, are the earth (pertivvi), water (apah), fire (teja), air (bayu), and ether (akasa). Since the primordial dimension can only be attained through water and fire, the ashes are dispersed in the waters of the sea or if the distance is too great, in a river. The funeral ceremony is generally led by a priest and punctuated by a lavish offering of gifts. For the occasion, a large bullock-shaped wooden structure is built and then entirely covered with white drapes if the deceased belongs to a priestly caste; in black.
There are ceremonies for every stage of Balinese life but often the last ceremony-cremation-is the biggest. A Balinese cremation can be an amazing, spectacular, colorful, noisy and exciting event. In fact it often takes so long to organize a cremation that years have passed since the death. During that time the body is temporarily buried. Of course an auspicious day must be chosen for the cremation and since a big cremation can be very expensive business many less wealthy people may take the opportunity of joining in at a larger cremation and sending their own dead on their way at the same time. Brahmans, however, must be cremated immediately. Apart from being yet another occasion for Balinese noise and confusion it's a fine opportunity to observe the incredible energy the Balinese put into creating real works of art which are totally ephemeral. A lot more than a body gets burnt at the cremation. The body is carried from the burial ground (or from the deceased's home if it's and 'immediate' cremation) to the cremation ground in a high, multi-tiered tower made of bamboo, paper, string, tinsel, silk, cloth, mirrors, flowers and anything else bright and colorful you can think of. The tower is carried on the shoulders of a group of men, the size of the group depending on the importance of the deceased and hence the size of the tower. The funeral of a former rajah of high priest may require hundreds of men to tote the tower.
A long the way to the cremation ground certain precautions must be taken to ensure that the deceased's spirit does not find its way back home. Loose spirits around the house can be a real nuisance. To ensure this doesn't happen requires getting the spirits confused as to their whereabouts, which you do by shaking the tower, running it around in circles, spinning it around, throwing water at it, generally making the trip to the cremation ground anything but a stately funeral crawl.
There are ceremonies for every stage of Balinese life but often the last ceremony-cremation-is the biggest. A Balinese cremation can be an amazing, spectacular, colorful, noisy and exciting event. In fact it often takes so long to organize a cremation that years have passed since the death. During that time the body is temporarily buried. Of course an auspicious day must be chosen for the cremation and since a big cremation can be very expensive business many less wealthy people may take the opportunity of joining in at a larger cremation and sending their own dead on their way at the same time. Brahmans, however, must be cremated immediately. Apart from being yet another occasion for Balinese noise and confusion it's a fine opportunity to observe the incredible energy the Balinese put into creating real works of art which are totally ephemeral. A lot more than a body gets burnt at the cremation. The body is carried from the burial ground (or from the deceased's home if it's and 'immediate' cremation) to the cremation ground in a high, multi-tiered tower made of bamboo, paper, string, tinsel, silk, cloth, mirrors, flowers and anything else bright and colorful you can think of. The tower is carried on the shoulders of a group of men, the size of the group depending on the importance of the deceased and hence the size of the tower. The funeral of a former rajah of high priest may require hundreds of men to tote the tower.
A long the way to the cremation ground certain precautions must be taken to ensure that the deceased's spirit does not find its way back home. Loose spirits around the house can be a real nuisance. To ensure this doesn't happen requires getting the spirits confused as to their whereabouts, which you do by shaking the tower, running it around in circles, spinning it around, throwing water at it, generally making the trip to the cremation ground anything but a stately funeral crawl.
ECONOMY
As the most populous area of the island the southern part Bali is where most jobs are to be found, mostly in the hotel or tourist industry, aside from the major farming industry. Smaller scales of home businesses are also in the trend such as textile or garment, handicrafts and souvenirs, providing Bali's economy with more than 200,000 jobs, and exports have been increasing around 6,7% (data August 2006 – August 2007) valued at around US$ 380 million. Of the total foreign exchange earners, textiles and garments contribute about 27,4% and wood products including statues, furniture and other handicrafts 18,2%. Silver work is ranked third 0,41% with 4,500 workers employed. And this sector keep growing steadily with target market widely open on the US, Europe and Japan.
Rice has become an important agricultural product besides vegetables, fruits, coffee, copra, vanilla, soy beans and chilies. Most recently vineyards also can be found along the north coast line. Meanwhile fishing and seaweed farming are also important commodities for foreign markets. It is interesting to observe the ability of the people of Bali in coping with the globalization era which acquires professional skills.
Rice has become an important agricultural product besides vegetables, fruits, coffee, copra, vanilla, soy beans and chilies. Most recently vineyards also can be found along the north coast line. Meanwhile fishing and seaweed farming are also important commodities for foreign markets. It is interesting to observe the ability of the people of Bali in coping with the globalization era which acquires professional skills.
FLORA AND FAUNA
FLORA:
Just like common tropical islands, in Bali you will find a wide variety of plants by surprise. Huge banyan trees are everywhere in the villages by the Bale banjar or pavilion, or temples ground. Tamarind is also a typical Balinese tree mostly found in the north coast, as well as clove at the highlands. Meanwhile acacia, flame tree and mangrove can be found along the south coastlines. Craft and house use basketries, a dozen species of coconut palms and varieties of bamboos are also everywhere across the island.
Flowers families are just as surprisingly as the variety of big plants. The most common are hibiscus, bougainvillea, jasmine, and water lilies. Magnolia, frangipani, and a variety of orchids are found in many front yards and gardens, along roads, and in temple grounds. In the day to day life flowers are routinely used as decorations in temples, on statues, as offerings for the gods, and during prayers. Dancers wear blossoms in their crowns, and flowers are worn behind the ear during ceremony sessions.
FAUNA:
Like some other parts of Indonesia, Bali was home for big mammals such as elephant and tiger, although they no longer exist since early of last century. However, Bali still is rich of wildlife with the existence of various species of monkeys, civets, barking deer and mouse deer. There are 300 species of birds occupy the island including wild fowl, dollar birds, blue kingfishers, sea eagles, sandpipers, white herons and egrets, cuckoos, wood swallows, sparrows, and the endangered Bali starlings. The underwater world or marine life of Bali has been noted as one of the best in the world with various species such as dolphin, shark and sun fish, and some smaller inhabitants like colorful coral fish, small reef fish, and moray eels, as well as crustaceans and sponges.
The existence of these flora and fauna become necessary for the day to day life of Balinese, where ceremonies and rituals always flourish.
Just like common tropical islands, in Bali you will find a wide variety of plants by surprise. Huge banyan trees are everywhere in the villages by the Bale banjar or pavilion, or temples ground. Tamarind is also a typical Balinese tree mostly found in the north coast, as well as clove at the highlands. Meanwhile acacia, flame tree and mangrove can be found along the south coastlines. Craft and house use basketries, a dozen species of coconut palms and varieties of bamboos are also everywhere across the island.
Flowers families are just as surprisingly as the variety of big plants. The most common are hibiscus, bougainvillea, jasmine, and water lilies. Magnolia, frangipani, and a variety of orchids are found in many front yards and gardens, along roads, and in temple grounds. In the day to day life flowers are routinely used as decorations in temples, on statues, as offerings for the gods, and during prayers. Dancers wear blossoms in their crowns, and flowers are worn behind the ear during ceremony sessions.
FAUNA:
Like some other parts of Indonesia, Bali was home for big mammals such as elephant and tiger, although they no longer exist since early of last century. However, Bali still is rich of wildlife with the existence of various species of monkeys, civets, barking deer and mouse deer. There are 300 species of birds occupy the island including wild fowl, dollar birds, blue kingfishers, sea eagles, sandpipers, white herons and egrets, cuckoos, wood swallows, sparrows, and the endangered Bali starlings. The underwater world or marine life of Bali has been noted as one of the best in the world with various species such as dolphin, shark and sun fish, and some smaller inhabitants like colorful coral fish, small reef fish, and moray eels, as well as crustaceans and sponges.
The existence of these flora and fauna become necessary for the day to day life of Balinese, where ceremonies and rituals always flourish.
GEOGRAPHY
Among 17,500 islands across the Indonesian archipelago, Bali is one of the 33 provinces of the Republic of Indonesia, the largest archipelagic country in the world, made up of 2,000,000 km2 of land with a chain of islands stretching over 500,000 km from Sumatra to Papua, and covers territorial waters of more than 5,000,000 km2.
Situated between Java and Lombok, the island of Bali is located 8 to 9 degrees south of the equator with the Java Sea to the north, the Indian Ocean to the south. Bali’s covers an area of 5,636 km2 or 0.29% of Indonesia, measuring just 90km long the north-south axis and less than about 140km from west to east.
Divided into three areas of water, the North Bali Sea is about 3,168km2, the East about 3.350km2, and the West about 2,982km2. Bali Sea covers an area of 9,500km2. The North Bali sea runs along the coastline of Buleleng, the East Bali Sea runs along the coastline of Karangasem, Klungkung and Gianyar, and the West Bali Sea include the coastline of Badung Tabanan and Jembrana.
Situated between Java and Lombok, the island of Bali is located 8 to 9 degrees south of the equator with the Java Sea to the north, the Indian Ocean to the south. Bali’s covers an area of 5,636 km2 or 0.29% of Indonesia, measuring just 90km long the north-south axis and less than about 140km from west to east.
Divided into three areas of water, the North Bali Sea is about 3,168km2, the East about 3.350km2, and the West about 2,982km2. Bali Sea covers an area of 9,500km2. The North Bali sea runs along the coastline of Buleleng, the East Bali Sea runs along the coastline of Karangasem, Klungkung and Gianyar, and the West Bali Sea include the coastline of Badung Tabanan and Jembrana.
GETTING AROUND BALI
There are many modes of transportation to help you around Bali. A variety of excellent half day, full day and overnight tour packages are available from your hotel desk or any of the numerous travel agents and tour operators which abound in Bali. Or you can find a car and driver who will also act as your guide.
Taxis operated from all major hotels and the airport with rates varies according to destinations. The taxi companies, in Bali are Praja Taxi, Bali Taxi and Koperasi Taxi Ngurah Rai instead of those belong to travel-agencies, have metered taxis.
Public minibuses or big buses are available to every corner of the island with quite inexpensive price but their stopping here and there a lot to take and drop local passengers. It may give you the experience of travelling with the locals.
For those who prefer to travel more privately, self-drive. Rented car or motorbike may be the choice. Types of cars available are usually Jimny or Toyota Kijang (larger car with room for 6 people). The price, however, do not always include insurance and they vary depending upon the type of vehicle and the duration of hiring.
An important virtue to have while on the road in Bali is patience! Although the road system in the heavily populated areas is quite reasonable (condition wise) in comparison to other developing countries, it can be heavily congested at peak periods. Ceremonial processions often overtake the whole road so if you're caught behind a procession, enjoy the colorful experience. Roads can be quite narrow with heavily pedestrian traffic on each side.
Petrol-pumps and service-stations are available at every larger town, however in emergency there are always roadside kiosks selling fuel-out of drum at a bit dearer price.
While driving yourself, please take utmost care since the traffic rules may be somewhat different from those conducted in your own country. International Driving License is required.
It is a compulsory to wear a crash helmet while you are on the road and it is always available at motorbike hire outlets.
Bicycles are available but bear in mind heavy traffic in Kuta, Legian and Denpasar. Bicycles are ideal in Ubud and the countryside if you're fit. A few companies offer mountain biking excursions.
Small horse drawn carts called "DOKAR" serve as convenient transportation off-hours and off the beaten tracks.
Taxis operated from all major hotels and the airport with rates varies according to destinations. The taxi companies, in Bali are Praja Taxi, Bali Taxi and Koperasi Taxi Ngurah Rai instead of those belong to travel-agencies, have metered taxis.
Public minibuses or big buses are available to every corner of the island with quite inexpensive price but their stopping here and there a lot to take and drop local passengers. It may give you the experience of travelling with the locals.
For those who prefer to travel more privately, self-drive. Rented car or motorbike may be the choice. Types of cars available are usually Jimny or Toyota Kijang (larger car with room for 6 people). The price, however, do not always include insurance and they vary depending upon the type of vehicle and the duration of hiring.
An important virtue to have while on the road in Bali is patience! Although the road system in the heavily populated areas is quite reasonable (condition wise) in comparison to other developing countries, it can be heavily congested at peak periods. Ceremonial processions often overtake the whole road so if you're caught behind a procession, enjoy the colorful experience. Roads can be quite narrow with heavily pedestrian traffic on each side.
Petrol-pumps and service-stations are available at every larger town, however in emergency there are always roadside kiosks selling fuel-out of drum at a bit dearer price.
While driving yourself, please take utmost care since the traffic rules may be somewhat different from those conducted in your own country. International Driving License is required.
It is a compulsory to wear a crash helmet while you are on the road and it is always available at motorbike hire outlets.
Bicycles are available but bear in mind heavy traffic in Kuta, Legian and Denpasar. Bicycles are ideal in Ubud and the countryside if you're fit. A few companies offer mountain biking excursions.
Small horse drawn carts called "DOKAR" serve as convenient transportation off-hours and off the beaten tracks.
LOCAL TRANSPORTATION:
Because of the size of the island, it is not difficult to get around Bali by various modes of transportation. The traditional types of transportation to the high class limousine are available for tourist to choose. Not to forget the sea transportation that connect Bali to some of its sister islands. However, train does not exist in Bali.
Bemo: this is the most used transportation in Bali especially in the city of Denpasar. It is a miniature van with a routine route set by local government periodically. This type of transportation is good for short distance around town and cities, because of its size and passenger can get in and out at any point. Most importantly, it is cheaper compared to some other type of transportations, even though fairly slow. Price ranges usually around Rp 3,200 to Rp 4,000 per one stop over.
Buses : there are buses for transportation between towns that relatively bigger compared to bemo. These buses connect all towns and most places of the island through local bus stations. Likewise bemo, buses also can be stopped at any point of the routes. They mostly operate day time inter island, but some are available at night for long distances within cities. Fares are between Rp. 1.500 to Rp. 10.000 per one stop point.
Taxi: Taxi is the most efficient and convenience transportation in the island. Either chartered or metered one, they are everywhere and quite inexpensive compared to some other countries. In Bali there are some different companies providing taxi services.
Rental Cars, Motorbikes and Bicycles: If you plan to explore Bali in half day or full day trip, the best way is hiring a car with the driver. The average rate is from Rp 120,000 to Rp 300,000 a day depending on the type of the vehicle. There are many independent car rentals around the island. If you wish to have better services, you can go to a Travel Agent. You even can hire a tour guide of your own language. The other possibility is to rent a self drive car. An international driving license from your own country is required. This rule also applicable for motorbike rental, but in some cases you can get a temporary permit at local police office. Price ranges are around Rp. 35,000 to Rp. 50,000 per day for motorbike and Rp. 15,000 for bicycle. Likewise, a safety helmet is a compulsory when you ride a motorbike. Meanwhile, bicycles are normally available for rent at hotels. Some bigger resorts even provides bicycle tour for free including a professional tour guide.
Dokar: in many areas of Indonesia, a traditional horse and cart transportation still can be found in many different versions. In Bali, this kind of transportation is known as “dokar”. Nowadays, the use of dokar is simply limited due to efficiency. In some areas dokars are even prohibited by the government because it becomes a dwindling sight around the street. A dokar ride can be a fairly bumpy and unique experience. That is why some hotels and event organizers sometime offer a dokar ride for their guests, wedding couples or special groups.
Sea transportation : to travel to some sister islands of Bali famous for their marine activities, local cruises is the most convenient. They normally offer a tour package including meal, activities and even a resort to stay over night. Some traditional boats are also in service for shorter distances such as to Serangan or Menjangan island.
Bemo: this is the most used transportation in Bali especially in the city of Denpasar. It is a miniature van with a routine route set by local government periodically. This type of transportation is good for short distance around town and cities, because of its size and passenger can get in and out at any point. Most importantly, it is cheaper compared to some other type of transportations, even though fairly slow. Price ranges usually around Rp 3,200 to Rp 4,000 per one stop over.
Buses : there are buses for transportation between towns that relatively bigger compared to bemo. These buses connect all towns and most places of the island through local bus stations. Likewise bemo, buses also can be stopped at any point of the routes. They mostly operate day time inter island, but some are available at night for long distances within cities. Fares are between Rp. 1.500 to Rp. 10.000 per one stop point.
Taxi: Taxi is the most efficient and convenience transportation in the island. Either chartered or metered one, they are everywhere and quite inexpensive compared to some other countries. In Bali there are some different companies providing taxi services.
Rental Cars, Motorbikes and Bicycles: If you plan to explore Bali in half day or full day trip, the best way is hiring a car with the driver. The average rate is from Rp 120,000 to Rp 300,000 a day depending on the type of the vehicle. There are many independent car rentals around the island. If you wish to have better services, you can go to a Travel Agent. You even can hire a tour guide of your own language. The other possibility is to rent a self drive car. An international driving license from your own country is required. This rule also applicable for motorbike rental, but in some cases you can get a temporary permit at local police office. Price ranges are around Rp. 35,000 to Rp. 50,000 per day for motorbike and Rp. 15,000 for bicycle. Likewise, a safety helmet is a compulsory when you ride a motorbike. Meanwhile, bicycles are normally available for rent at hotels. Some bigger resorts even provides bicycle tour for free including a professional tour guide.
Dokar: in many areas of Indonesia, a traditional horse and cart transportation still can be found in many different versions. In Bali, this kind of transportation is known as “dokar”. Nowadays, the use of dokar is simply limited due to efficiency. In some areas dokars are even prohibited by the government because it becomes a dwindling sight around the street. A dokar ride can be a fairly bumpy and unique experience. That is why some hotels and event organizers sometime offer a dokar ride for their guests, wedding couples or special groups.
Sea transportation : to travel to some sister islands of Bali famous for their marine activities, local cruises is the most convenient. They normally offer a tour package including meal, activities and even a resort to stay over night. Some traditional boats are also in service for shorter distances such as to Serangan or Menjangan island.
MODERN ARCHITECTURE
The New Bali Style
The "Bali-Style" of architecture and interior design is renowned and increasingly popular the world over. How it came into being is a story of cross cultural legacy and an amalgamation of different design elements. In this chapter, we explain the connection between religion and architecture in traditional Balinese design, trace the development of new styles in both commercial and residential buildings and see how a thoroughly modern, international architectural form has been born.
The Art of Tropical Living
The island of Bali has along been a magnet for the western culture-hound-and over the last 100 year many people have set up home there. Most built their tropical dream villas in vernacular style. Today, however, a new internationalism is emerging: along with wood, alang-alang and bamboo are ceramics, stone and glass; pavilion-style is being replaced with a more modern vision of space. Here, we showcase the most inspiring examples of contemporary residences, shops, restaurants, studios and resort homes the island has to offer.
The Tropical Garden
Tropical gardens in Bali are traditionally associated with a sense of fecundity, Javanese-inspired water gardens or jungle with mossy walls and hand carved statues and fountains. Today's gardens seem to have taken this style one step further: firstly, they are designed more to complement the architecture that they are attached too, and, secondly, there is more order and definition in the planting. In this section we portray the crème-de-la-crème of Ball's private and resort lands gardens.
The Delightful Balinese Pavilion
No longer is the 'bale simply a 4-poster wooden platform protected by a thatched roof. Innovative designs are emerging: be they modernist stone structures shaded by canvas "umbrella-roofs" or vernacular-inspired, poolside loungers, all are excellent dens for the those seriously committed to languor-induced afternoons. Here, we showcase a selection of contemporary reinterpretations of the classic Balinese pavilion.
The Tropical Water
Water is the source of life for the Balinese; it is also a wonderful cooling element in hot and humid climates, it's not surprising, therefore, that virtually every architect and lands artist incorporates some type of water feature in their designs. Here, we present an array of contemporary water features: gardens, open-to-the-air bathrooms, numerous cascades, fountains and springs, modernist pool, even a giant, elliptical, rooftop lily and lotus pond. Water as play, water as architectural element and of course water as a natural source of nourishment for garden and soul alike.
The "Bali-Style" of architecture and interior design is renowned and increasingly popular the world over. How it came into being is a story of cross cultural legacy and an amalgamation of different design elements. In this chapter, we explain the connection between religion and architecture in traditional Balinese design, trace the development of new styles in both commercial and residential buildings and see how a thoroughly modern, international architectural form has been born.
The Art of Tropical Living
The island of Bali has along been a magnet for the western culture-hound-and over the last 100 year many people have set up home there. Most built their tropical dream villas in vernacular style. Today, however, a new internationalism is emerging: along with wood, alang-alang and bamboo are ceramics, stone and glass; pavilion-style is being replaced with a more modern vision of space. Here, we showcase the most inspiring examples of contemporary residences, shops, restaurants, studios and resort homes the island has to offer.
The Tropical Garden
Tropical gardens in Bali are traditionally associated with a sense of fecundity, Javanese-inspired water gardens or jungle with mossy walls and hand carved statues and fountains. Today's gardens seem to have taken this style one step further: firstly, they are designed more to complement the architecture that they are attached too, and, secondly, there is more order and definition in the planting. In this section we portray the crème-de-la-crème of Ball's private and resort lands gardens.
The Delightful Balinese Pavilion
No longer is the 'bale simply a 4-poster wooden platform protected by a thatched roof. Innovative designs are emerging: be they modernist stone structures shaded by canvas "umbrella-roofs" or vernacular-inspired, poolside loungers, all are excellent dens for the those seriously committed to languor-induced afternoons. Here, we showcase a selection of contemporary reinterpretations of the classic Balinese pavilion.
The Tropical Water
Water is the source of life for the Balinese; it is also a wonderful cooling element in hot and humid climates, it's not surprising, therefore, that virtually every architect and lands artist incorporates some type of water feature in their designs. Here, we present an array of contemporary water features: gardens, open-to-the-air bathrooms, numerous cascades, fountains and springs, modernist pool, even a giant, elliptical, rooftop lily and lotus pond. Water as play, water as architectural element and of course water as a natural source of nourishment for garden and soul alike.
PEOPLE AND LIVE STYLE
Bali’s population of over 3,500,000 souls spread over the whole island, including those in the smaller islands of Nusa Penida, Nusa Ceningan, Nusa Lembongan, Serangan and Menjangan Island. The overwhelming majority of Balinese are Hindus, with the increasing number on non-Hindu migrating from the closest neighboring islands of Java and Lombok.
The coastal areas in the south are the most populous area with over 370,000 people living in various professions in the capital of Denpasar. Farming has been the primary way of living in Balinese life. Where else fishing, trading and craftsmanship are also in fashion from generation to generation. Yet with the fast growing of tourism since past few decades, young people start to build up a new touch in their living culture.
Life in Bali is very communal under the organization of villages. Temple ceremonies, marriage, cremation, farming and even the creative art festivals are decided by the local community institution called “Banjar”. The responsibilities in the day-to-day life are normally administered by both the Banjar and the government. The local government mostly responsible for schools, health clinics, hospitals and roads, and Banjar is responsible for all other aspects of life. There is another association exists in the banjar named “Subak” that concerns to the production of rice and organizes the complex irrigation system. Every family who owns a rice field must be a member of their localSubak, which then ensures that every member gets his fair distribution of water. A banjar consists of an average of 50 to 150 family members, owning a meeting venue called the Bale Banjar, which is used for regular gatherings and a center for local gamelan orchestras and drama groups.
The coastal areas in the south are the most populous area with over 370,000 people living in various professions in the capital of Denpasar. Farming has been the primary way of living in Balinese life. Where else fishing, trading and craftsmanship are also in fashion from generation to generation. Yet with the fast growing of tourism since past few decades, young people start to build up a new touch in their living culture.
Life in Bali is very communal under the organization of villages. Temple ceremonies, marriage, cremation, farming and even the creative art festivals are decided by the local community institution called “Banjar”. The responsibilities in the day-to-day life are normally administered by both the Banjar and the government. The local government mostly responsible for schools, health clinics, hospitals and roads, and Banjar is responsible for all other aspects of life. There is another association exists in the banjar named “Subak” that concerns to the production of rice and organizes the complex irrigation system. Every family who owns a rice field must be a member of their localSubak, which then ensures that every member gets his fair distribution of water. A banjar consists of an average of 50 to 150 family members, owning a meeting venue called the Bale Banjar, which is used for regular gatherings and a center for local gamelan orchestras and drama groups.
